人教版八年级下册英语第一单元单词
matter [?m?t?] v. 重要，要紧，有关系
What’s the matter? 怎么了?出什么事了?
sore [s?:(r)] adj. 疼痛的，酸痛的
have a cold 感冒
stomach ['st?m?k] n. 胃，腹部
stomachache ['st?m?ke?k] n. 胃痛，腹痛
have a stomachache 胃痛
foot(复数feet) [fu:t] n. 脚
neck [nek] n. 颈，脖子
throat [θr??t] n. 喉咙
fever ['fi:v?] n. 发烧，发热
lie [la?] v. 躺，平躺
lie down 躺下
rest [rest] n. 剩余部分，其余;放松，休息
cough [k?f] n. & v. 咳嗽
X-ray ['eksre?] n. X光，X射线
toothache [?tu:θe?k] n. 牙痛
take one's temperature 量体温
headache [?hede?k] n. 头痛
have a fever 发烧
break [bre?k] n. & v. 休息，暂停;打破
take breaks (take a break) 休息
hurt [h?:t] v. 伤害，损害，使受伤，疼
passenger ['p?s?nd??] n. 乘客，旅客
off [?f] adv. prep. 离开(某处);从…去掉
get off 下车
to one's surprise 使…惊讶，出乎…意料
onto [??nt?] prep. 向，朝
trouble [?tr?bl] n. 麻烦，烦扰，问题
hit [hit] n. & v. 碰撞，打，打击
right away 立即，马上
get into 陷入，参与
herself [h?:?self]她自己，她本身(she的反身代词)
bandage ['b?nd?d?] n. & v. 绷带;用绷带包扎
sick [s?k] adj. 患病的，不适的
knee [ni:] n. 膝盖
nosebleed [?n??zbli:d] n. 鼻出血
breathe [bri:?] v. 呼吸
sunburned [?s?nb?:nd] adj. 晒伤的
ourselves [ɑ:?selvz]我们自己(we的反身代词)
climber [?kla?m?(r)] n. 登山者
be used to 习惯于… 适应于…
risk [r?sk] n. & v. 风险，危险;冒险
take risks (take a risk) 冒险
accident [??ksid?nt] n. 意外事件;事故
situation [?sitju?ei??n] n. 状况，形式，情况
kg=kilogram [?k?l?gr?m] n. 公斤，千克
rock [r?k] n. 岩石
run out (of) 用尽，耗尽
knife [naif] n. 刀，餐刀
cut off 切除
blood [bl?d] n. 血
mean [mi:n] v. 意味着，意思是，意欲
get out of 离开，从… 出来
importance [?m?p?:tns] n. 重要性
decision [d?'s??n] n. 决心，决定，抉择
control [k?n'tr??l] v. 控制，支配，操纵
be in control of 掌管，管理
spirit ['sp?r?t] n. 勇气，意志
death [deθ] n. 死亡
give up 放弃
nurse [n?:s] n. 护士
Judy 朱迪(女名)
Nancy 南希(女名)
Mandy 曼迪(女名)
Aron Ralston 阿伦·罗尔斯顿
Utah 尤他州(美国)
人教版八年级下册英语第一单元知识点
1. It’s +形容词 + for sb. + to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是…的。
It’s important to do sth. 做某事很重要。
It’s important for me to eat a balanced diet. 平衡饮食对我来说是很重要的.
It’s easy to do sth. 做某事是容易的。
It’s easy for us to find out the answer. 找出答案对我们来说是容易的。
2. 情态动词should的用法
should是情态动词，它的基本用法是必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。意为"应该......"。
should(应当，应该)用于所有人称，表示劝告或建议。
eg. ---I have a very bad cold. 我感冒很厉害。
---You should lie down and have a rest. 你应该躺下，多喝水。
3. maybe与may be
(1)maybe是副词，译为“也许、可能”，相当于“perhaps”。如：Maybe he can answer the question. 也许他能回答那个问题。
He maybe is from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。
(2)may be中的may为情态动词，译为“可能是......”。如：
He may be from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。
She may be our English teacher. 她可能是我们的英语老师。
4. few、a few、little、a little的区别和联系：
(1)few / a few用来修饰可数名词，few表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有;a few表示肯定意义， 有几个。例如：
He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。
There are a few eggs in the basket. 篮子里有几个鸡蛋。
(2)little / a little用来修饰不可数名词，little表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有; a little 表示肯定意义，有一点儿。例如：
There is little ink in my bottle. Can you give me a little ink? 我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗?
5. not…until 直到…(否定句) 才......，动词为短暂性或瞬间性动词。
She didn’t leave until we came.
He went shopping after he got up.
=He didn’t go shopping until /before he got up.
...until/till 直到......(肯定句)动词为延续性动词
We stayed here till/until 12 o’clock.
人教版八年级下册英语第一单元练习题
一. 单项选择(共15小题，计15分)
( )1. — Where will you live? — I will live ________ a space station.
A. at B. in C. on D. to
( )2. There ________ an English film this evening.
A. will B. is going to have C. is going to be D. will have
( )3. —What do you usually have for breakfast?
—_______milk and _____eggs.
A. A little;a few B. A little;a little
C. A few;a little D.A few;a few
( )4. Beijing is a very beautiful city. I fell in love ____ it when I came here.
A. with B. at C. for D. as
( )5.Though the old man lives _______, he doesn’t feel _________.
A. lonely; alone B. alone; lonely C. alone, alone D. lonely; lonely
( )6. They have________ work today and they’ll have________ tomorrow.
A. more;more B. much;much C. much;more D. many;more
( )7. —When________ you _______here? —In a month.
A. will;moving B. do;move C. will;move D. did;move
( )8. There is ____ milk in this glass than in that one.
A. less B. little C. least D. fewer
( )9. I _______him as soon as he _______ back.
A. will tell;will come B. tell;will come
C. tell;comes D. will tell;comes
( )10. He seems________. A. happily B. happy C. happiness D. to happy
( )11. We have to wear _____ uniform to school. A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )12. _______ students went to the zoo last Sunday.
A. Two hundred B. Two hundred of C. Hundreds C. Hundred of
( )13. Japanese companies have already made robots _______.
A. to walk and dance B. walking and dancing C. walk and dance D. walked and danced
( )14. The prediction that computers will be used at home has __________.
A. come over B. come true C. come along D. come out
( )15. —Do you think that there will be more trees in the mountain. —___
A. I hope so. B. I hope not.
C. Oh, really? D. Yeah, there will be fewer trees.
二、完形填空。(共10小题，计15分)
Robots seem very new to most people. And they have a long history. The 16 one was made by a Greek inventor (发明家). You may 17 robots in some films. The robots in these 18 are stronger, faster and cleverer like people. In real life, most robots are used in factories. They are used to do many dangerous, difficult or boring 19 . Some people can’t look after 20 and robots are used to help them. For example, some people can’t see, many of these people use a 21 to help them move around. This dog is called a guide dog.
22 are making a robot to help them. In the future, robots dogs 23 take the place of (代替) these guide dogs.
Robots are also 24 in American hospitals. At one hospital, a robot takes meals 25 the kitchen to the sick people’s rooms. It never loses its way because it has a map of the hospital in its computer system (系统).
In the future, robots will work in space. But robots will never take the place of human. They can help us in a lot of different ways.
( ) 16. A. first B. second C. third D. fourth
( ) 17. A. look B. watch C. look for D. see
( ) 18. A. factories B. apartments C. films D. programs
( ) 19. A. chores B. homework C. housework D. jobs
( ) 20. A. they B. their C. themselves D. them
( ) 21. A. dog B. cat C. parrot D. panda
( ) 22. A. Doctors B. Reporters C. Teachers D. Scientists
( ) 23. A. must B. might C. have to D. have to
( ) 24. A. used B. took C. made D. looked
( ) 25. A. with B. to C. from D. for
三.阅读理解(共10小题，计20分)
A
Dear Anita,
In your last letter you asked me about my plans for the future. .First, I will finish high school. Then I will go to college and study to be a doctor. I won’t get married right away because it takes a long time to become a doctor. I want to help sick people. I’m going to learn a lot about illness. Maybe I will find a treatment for cancer. I’ll be famous and I will become very rich.
After I become a successful doctor, I’ll get married. I want to marry an interesting person. For example, my wife might be an artist .We will have a wonderful life together. I think we will have one or two children. Doctors get paid quite a lot so I think we will have a nice house. We will travel a lot. I want to visit Australia, Europe, and Africa.
Are these plans, or dreams? Do they sound crazy to you? Write soon and tell me about
your plans.
Your friend
Josh
根据短文判断正误
26.Josh wants to become a doctor. ( ) 27.Josh wants to get married very soon. ( )
28.Josh’s wife might do interesting work..( ) 29.Josh wants to have a lot of children. ( )
30.Josh will travel to India.
B
Do you know the movie I, Robot? It tells us a story about the future.
The year is 2035 and robots are just as common as mobile phones. People depend on their robots to do lots things, for example, babysitting, cooking, doing chores and taking their dogs for a walk. Robots have to obey (听从) human’s orders, because their designers make them do so. A police officer called Spooner hates robots. He doesn’t think humans can get on well with their robots at all! But the scientist Susan has different opinions. Susan works on robots’ mind and she thinks one day robots will become more powerful (强大的) than humans and help humans to make progress (进步).
When Spooner and Susan work together, they find that something is wrong with the world’s robots. A few robots have their own thoughts and they’re trying to get out of humans’ control (控制)! Of course these robots’ dream doesn’t come true. Humans work hard to control their robots again and they succeed at last.
( ) 31. The story happened (发生) in _____________.
A. 2010 B. 2020 C. 2035 D. 2040
( ) 32. The phrase “depend on” in this article means ____________.
A. 依靠 B. 悬挂 C. 相信 D. 取决于
( ) 33. Spooner is a __________ and Susan is a ___________.
A. scientist; professor B. bank clerk; police officer
C. policeman; doctor D. police officer; scientist
( ) 34. Susan thinks that one day _____________.
A. robots can’t get on well with humans
B. robots will help human to make progress
C. robots will have their own thoughts D. robots will control the world
( ) 35. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to this article?
A. The movie I, Robot talks about the future.
B. People use their robots to do everything.
C. A few robots want to get out of human’s control.
D. At last humans succeed in controlling the robots again.
四.词汇运用(共20小题，计20分)
A.从方框内选出单词，用其适当形式填空。每空格限填一词，每词限用一次。
36. It ________ me two hours to finish my homework every day.
37. Let’s go _________ after school.
38. There are many famous ________ in Shanghai Bund(上海滩).
39. Yang Liwei is one of the best ________ in China.
40. There _______ a big concert in our city this evening.
41. There are many _________ about the relationship(关系) between the mainland and Taiwan.
B.在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，词首字母已给。
In some science fiction movies，people in the future have their own robots. These robots are just like h 42 .They help with the housework，and do the most u 43 jobs.
Robot scientists are not just trying to make robots look like people. For example, there are already robots working in factories. These robots look more like huge arms. They do s____44__ jobs over and over again. People would not like to do such jobs and would get b___45___. But robots will never get bored. In the future, there will be more robots e__46___and humans will have less work to do. New robots will have many different s__47___. Some will look like humans, and others might look like snakes. We will never know what will happen in the future.
C.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
48. Maybe he wants to go _______(skate) tomorrow.
49. He makes his students________ (read) English every day.
50. It’s difficult for robots __________ (think) like humans.
51. I think there _______ (be) less books in the future because people will read on computers.
52. Ten years ago students ________(go) to school on foot.
53. In ten years students _______ (take) cars to go to school.
54. I need _______ (look) smart for my job interview..
55. We are now _______(try) to learn English well.
五.句型转换。(共5小题，计10分)
56. Sally played football yesterday. (改为一般将来时)
Sally ______ ________ football tomorrow.
57. I think he can finish doing the work on time.(改为同义句)
I think he will ______ ______ _______ finish doing the work on time.
58. There will be more people in our country. (改为否定句)
_______ _______ _______ more people in our country.
59. I will live in Shanghai in ten years.(就划线部分提问)
_______ _______ you live in ten years?
60. Our team seems to win the game. (改为同义句)
______ _______ _______ our team will win the game.
A. I also like watching sea-fish.
B. Where should we meet?
C. That’s wonderful!
D. Where are you going this weekend?
E. when do you plan to leave?
F. Do you want to join us?
G. I’ll see you then.
六.补全对话(共5小题，计5分)
A: Hi, Mary. 61 .
B: Hi, Jack. I’m going to the beach with
some friends. 62
A: Yeah, that sounds fun. Which beach are
you going to?
B: We’re thinking about driving to the beach
in Qingdao. I like driving, and 63
A: That sounds great! 64
B: Well, we are setting off (出发) at about six o’clock on Friday.
A: Great! 65
61_________ 62__________ 63__________ 64___________ 65___________
七.书面表达(计15分)
写作要求：我喜欢英语，我想在10年以后当位英语老师。我要尽可能教好我的学生。我要尽量用英语讲课。我要努力使我的课讲得生动有趣。另外，我们都喜欢听老师讲故事，所以我要经常给学生讲英语故事，使他们对英语感兴趣，从而能提高他们的听力。我相信我能成为一个好老师的。词数：80左右。
人教版八年级下册英语第一单元练习题
参考答案一.单项选择
1-5 CCAAB 6-10 CCADB 11-15 AACBA
二、完形填空。
16-20 ADBDC 21-25 ADBAC
三.阅读理解
26-30 TFFFF 31-35 CADBB
四.词汇运用
36. takes 37. swimming 38. buildings 39. astronauts 40. will be 41. predictions
42. humans 43. unpleasant 44. simple 45. bored 46. everywhere 47. shapes
48.skating 49. read 50. to think 51. will be 52. went 53. will go 54. to look 55. trying
五.句型转换。
56. will play 57. be able to 58. There won’t be 59. Where will 60. It seems that
六.补全对话 61-65 DFAEG
七.书面表达
One possible version
I like English. I want to be an English teacher in ten years. I'll teach my students as well as possible. I'll give my lessons in as much English as I can. I'll try my best to make my lessons lively and interesting. Besides, we all like listening to stories. So I'll try often to tell my students stories in English, so that they'll be interested in English and can improve their listening. I believe that I can become a good teacher.
初二下册英语教学计划
一、指导思想
以“英语课程标准”为宗旨，适应新课程改革的需要，面向全体学生，提高学生的人文素养，增强实践能力和创新精神。正确把握英语学科特点，积极倡导体验、实践、参与、合作与交流的学习方式和任务型的教学途径，发展学生的综合语言运用能力。突出学生主体，尊重个体差异，建立能激励学生学习兴趣和自主学习能力发展的评价体系。培养学生积极地情感态度和正确的人生价值观，提高学生综合素质为学生全面发展和终身发展奠定基础。
二、本学期英语教学的总目标
根据新课标的要求，八年级学生必须 有明确的学习需要和目标，对英语学习表现出较强的自信心。能在所设日常交际情景中听懂对话和小故事。能用简单的语言描述自己或他人的经历，能发表简单的意见。能读懂不同文体的小短文和简单的英文报刊文章。能在合作中起草和修改简短的文段，说明、指令、规则等。能尝试使用不同的教育资源，从口头和书面材料中提取信息、扩展知识、解决简单的问题并描述结果。能在学习中相互帮助，克服困难。能合理计划和安排学习任务，积极探索适合自己的学习方法。在学习和日常交际中能注意到中外文化的差异。
三.教材分析
新人教版《英语》八年级(下册)，全书共有十个单元。本教材各单元话题灵活，贴近生活实际。本册书将学习到的一些语法知识点有：情态动词、反身代词、不定式、连词、过去进行时、现在完成时、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。每个单元分A和B两部分，这两个部分分别提供了一篇阅读文章，用以训练学生的阅读能力，扩大学生的词汇量和阅读量。
本学期的重点是继续学习词汇和习惯用语，语法知识点：情态动词、反身代词、一般将来时、不定式、连词、过去进行时、现在完成时、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。其中现在完成时和连词是本册的难点、重点。
四、学情分析
本学期我担任初二年级五、六班的英语教学，共有学生人数83人。通过初中一年半的英语学习，少数学生已能听懂有关熟悉话题的语段和简短的故事，能与教师或同学就熟悉的话题交换信息。但由于各种因素的影响，学生发展参差不齐。部分学生因为基础不够好，学习很吃力而自暴自弃。另外，所教班的学生在情感态度学习策略方面还存在诸多需要进一步解决的问题。例如：很多学生不能明确学习英语的`目的，没有真正认识到学习英语的目的在于交流;有些同学在学习中缺乏小组合作意识;不能做好课前预习课后复习，学习没有计划性和策略性;不善于发现和总结语言规律，不注意知识的巩固和积累。作为他们的英语老师，本期要做好的是帮助转变学生的态度和指导学生学习方法，使他们的英语水平得到较大的提高。
五、教学措施
1.要依据《课程标准》深入研究教材，密切联系社会生活实际和学生实际，尽可能多的阅读参考资料，提高自己驾驭教材的能力。灵活选择教学方法，精心组织教学内容，精心设计教案，备课做到“四有五备“：脑中有课标，心中有教材，眼中有学生，手中有教法。备课标，备教材，备学生，备教法，备学法。
2、采取措施，注重双基教学，把握核心知识，强化双基落实，努力转化学困生。提高课堂容量和效率，精讲、精练、精评，认真备好每一节复习课、挖掘教材资源、搜索考点，努力打造高效的复习课堂。将高效课堂的要求与策略应用到具体的复习中去。在执行教学常规方面做到细处，落到实处。
3、督促部分学生端正学习、考试的态度，坚决做到堂堂清、日日清、周周清。加大反馈测试的力度，通过一定频率的强化训练、模拟测试等形式，培养学生养成良好的审题习惯和解题习惯。
4. 注重个别辅导，在面向全体学生的基础上，培优补差。准确引导优秀生，抓好中等生，辅导好学困生。对学困生进行专门辅导，布置单独的作业，让他们在小进步、小转变中体味学习的快乐，树立学习的自信，尽快成长起来。
5、要充分利用现代教育技术，利用计算机和多媒体教学软件，探索新的教学模式，开发英语教学资源，拓宽学生学习渠道，改进学生学习方式，提高教学质量。经常进行教学反思，适时调整教学方法，符合学生的真实情况，利于学生的有效性学习。
六、奋斗目标
通过本期的努力奋斗，力争使两班的及格率达到70%以上，优秀率达到45%以上，人均分78以上(满分100分)，确保以上两率一分位居全县前三。