考研英语大小作文有什么命题规律
我们在准备考研的复习时，需要把英语大小作文的命题规律掌握好。小编为大家精心准备了考研英语大小作文的复习重点，欢迎大家前来阅读。
考研英语大小作文的命题规律
小作文
据统计：每年小作文的全国平均分为5.5-6分左右，所以对于满分10分的小作文来说，提分的空间还是很大的!
小作文主要是一种应用性短文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等。仅仅信函类就包括辞职信、申请信、道歉信、慰问信、祝贺信等等，一起来看下历年考研英语小作文类型统计吧!
题目汇总
【英语一】
已考类型：
辞职信1次， 询问信1次， 建议信4次、 道歉信1次、 告示2次、 推荐信1次、 邀请信1次、通知信1次
未考类型：
感谢信，祝贺信，慰问信，申请信，投诉信，介绍信，请求信
【英语二】
已考类型：
感谢信1 次、建议信3次、 祝贺信1次、 投诉信1次、 倡议书1次、 介绍信1次、 询问信1次、通知信1次
未考类型：
道歉信，推荐信，邀请信，慰问信，申请信，请求信。
命题规律
从往年的考试命题来看，建议信是考察比较多的类型，但是很多未考过的类型很有可能是今年命题的方向，尤其是慰问信、申请信、请求信这三类在英语一、英语二中都还没有考过，所以更需引起大家的重视。
在考研英语试卷上，考场上一般都会选择先以小作文为开端，如果能顺利的完成一篇感觉不错的小文章，不仅能给自己信心，很快进入写作状态，还能给大作文预留下充分的时间。因此同学们在学习大作文写作的同时不要忽略了对小作文的备考练习!
大作文
题目汇总
2021年：言传身教，榜样的作用英语一、旅游英语二
2021年：手机时态的聚合英语一、城市居民春节花销英语二
2021年：孝道或关爱老人英语一、城镇化或城乡人口对比英语二
2021年：选择英语一、大学生兼职英语二
2021年：乐观英语一、工作满意度英语二
2011年：旅途之"余"英语一、国内轿车市场品牌份额英语二
2010年：文化"火锅" 文化融合英语一、手机入网英语二
2009年：网络的"近"与"远"
2008年：合作的重要性
2007年：乐观心态是成功的关键
2006年：偶像崇拜
2005年：年轻人应该赡养父母
2004年：终点又是新的起点
2003年：温室里的花朵经不起风雨
2002年：美国女孩穿着中国传统服饰中国与世界的文化交流
2001年：困难的时候，人人都应该献爱心
2000年：全球商业捕鱼自然生态平衡遭破坏
命题规律
1、常考话题有四大类：道德伦理类、教育文化类、社会生活类、环保生态类。
2、常考话题类别隔年反复考察。
3、话题贴近大学生生活或与近年社会热点话题。
4、命题不会涉及时事政治或敏感话题
5、命题体现和谐社会原则：个人自身的和谐发展、个人与他人或与社会的和谐关系、个人与自然的.和谐共处。
大家在复习英语作文时一定要认真研究一下往年的考试题目和话题的考查方向，多关注社会热点，自己多动手去写，有能力的小伙伴可以在复习和练习中形成自己的“特色模板”。
考研英语二完型填句题解题步骤及方法
【解题步骤】
第一步：找出各选项的关联词
第二步：将代词后面指代的内容还原回文章，进行匹配。
【解题技巧】
第一，选项中出现时间年代时，往往要注意与原文中年代的前后对应关系。
第二，选项中出现代词时，该选项往往不能放在首句，要能分辨出该代词所指的内容：it可指代前面的单数名词或整个句子;they或them指代前面的复数名词;one指代前面的单数可数名词;that指代前面的不可数名词或句子;this指代前面的单数名词或句子。
第三，将选项与原文对比时，与原文重复或同义改写的字越多的往往就是正确选项。
第四，做完型填句段题时不用按顺序做，先做简单的后做难的，注意寻找上下文中的关键信息。
【例题】2021年
The social sciences are flourishing. As of 2005, there were almost half a million professional social scientists from all fields in the world, working both inside and outside academia. According to the World Social Science Report 2010, the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since 2000.
Yet this enormous resource in not contributing enough to today's global challenges including climate change, security, sustainable development and health.41______Humanity has the necessary agro-technological tools to eradicate hunger , from genetically engineered crops to artificial fertilizers . Here , too, the problems are social: the organization and distribution of food, wealth and prosperity.
42____This is a shame-the community should be grasping the opportunity to raise its influence in the real world. To paraphrase the great social scientist Joseph Schumpeter: there is no radical innovation without creative destruction.
Today, the social sciences are largely focused on disciplinary problems and internal scholarly debates, rather than on topics with external impact. Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords "environmental changed" or "climate change" have increased rapidly since 2004,43____.
When social scientists do tackle practical issues, their scope is often local: Belgium is interested mainly in the effects of poverty on Belgium for example .And whether the community's work contributes much to an overall accumulation of knowledge is doubtful.
The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding 44____this is an adequate amount so long as it is aimed in the right direction. Social scientists who complain about a lack of funding should not expect more in today's economic climate.
The trick is to direct these funds better. The European Union Framework funding programs have long had a category specifically targeted at social scientists. This year, it was proposed that system be changed: Horizon 2020, a new program to be enacted in 2014, would not have such a category. This has resulted in protests from social scientists. But the intention is not to neglect social science; rather, the complete opposite. 45____That should create more collaborative endeavors and help to develop projects aimed directly at solving global problems.
[A] It could be that we are evolving two communities of social scientists: one that is discipline-oriented and publishing in highly specialized journals, and one that is problem-oriented and publishing elsewhere, such as policy briefs.
[B] However, the numbers are still small: in 2010, about 1,600 of the 100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of these Keywords.
[C] the idea is to force social to integrate their work with other categories, including health and demographic change food security, marine research and the bio-economy, clear, efficient energy; and inclusive, innovative and secure societies.
[D] the solution is to change the mindset of the academic community, and what it considers to be its main goal. Global challenges and social innovation ought to receive much more attention from scientists, especially the young ones.
[E] These issues all have root causes in human behavior. All require behavioral change and social innovations, as well as technological development. Stemming climate change, for example, is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing clean energy.
[F] Despite these factors, many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle such problems. And in Europe, some are up in arms over a proposal to drop a specific funding category for social-science research and to integrate it within cross-cutting topics of sustainable development.
[G] During the late 1990s, national spending on social sciences and the humanities as a percentage of all research and development funds-including government, higher education, non-profit and corporate -varied from around 4% to 25%; in most European nations , it is about 15%.
【解题步骤】
1. 找选项关键词
[A] two communities: one that is …and one that is …
[B] the numbers, 2010, these Keywords.
[C] the idea is, integrate their work
[D] the solution
[E] These issues, Stemming climate change, for example ,
[F] these factors, such problems .
[G]funds, 4% to 25%; 15%.
2. 关键词匹配文章
[B] the numbers ,2010, these Keywords.匹配到43空前的number和Keywords.
[C] the idea is,integrate their work匹配到45空前的idea和collaborate
[E] These issues, Stemming climate change , for example。利用for example可以匹配到41空前的原词，these issues可以匹配到including后面的许多因素。
[F] these factors, such problems. 利用such problems匹配到42空前的problems，these factors匹配到前面的冒号后的内容。
[G] funds, 4% to 25%; 15%.匹配到44空后的that is …amount。
考研英语小作文写作步骤及要素
一、写作步骤
第一步：找范文
应用文考察的书信类型有十几种，每一种有不同的写作思路。考生需要先根据书信类型，找出至少两篇优秀的范文。
第二步：改范文
大部分考生找到的范文可能来自网络，或市面上的书籍。上面即使没有错误，但是容易落入俗套，跟其他考生写的一样。因此，要想得高分，还要根据应用文的写作技巧，对找到的范文进行修改。
第三步：整理思路
改完范文后整理出每一种书信的写作思路，例如感谢信的写作思路：第一段自我介绍，说明目的;第二段说明自己的困难—得到什么帮助—帮助后自己有哪些改善—说明帮助的重要性;第三段再一次表示感谢，希望偿还好意。整理写作思路后，无论遇到什么样的文章，都可以做到条理清晰，层次分明。
第四步：背诵范文
将改写完后的范文，以及每一种书信的写作思路，都背下来。
二、写作要素
▶要素一：称呼
①知道姓名：Dear+Mr./Ms./Mrs.+姓氏，
②不知道姓名：Dear Sir or Madam.
③较为亲近：Dear +名字，中国人用全名
▶要素二：自我介绍
① My name is Li Ming，who is×××.
② I am Li Ming，who is ×××.
▶要素三：写作目的
①I am writing the letter in purpose of expressing my 主题名词 to you for 事件.
翻译：我写这封信的目的是要表达我对时间的主题名词。
②The purpose of letter that I am writing is to express my 主题名词 to you for 事件.
翻译：我写这封信的目的在于表达我对事件的主题名词。
▶要素四：信函内容
①原因：为什么写信，目的何在?
②建议:通过相应的建议，体现写作目的。
▶要素五：表达感谢
①Thank you for your time and consideration.感谢你的时间和耐心。
② My appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond words.对于你的慷慨帮助，我的感激之情溢于言表。
③ Words fail me when I want to express my sincere gratitude to you . 我难以用言语来表达对你真诚的感谢。
④ For all you have done for me ，my true gratitude is beyond the word's description.对你为我所做的一切，我真诚的感激溢于言表。
▶要素六：期待回信
①期待尽快回信：I am looking forward to your reply soon.
②期待满意答复：I Look forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.
③期待对方关注：Your prompt attention to my letter would be highly appreciated.
▶要素七：落款
①万能用法：Yours sincerely，/Sincerely yours，
②私人信件：Best wishes，/Best regards，/Warmest regards，/You ever，/Yours，/Cordially，
③亲密关系Affectionately，/Yours Affectionately，/Love，/Lovely，
/Cheers,/Your devoted friend，/Your loving fathermother，son...
④公务信件：Yours faithfully，/Yours truly,/Yours respectfully，/Yours gratefully，/Yours cordially
下面我们重点来看一下信函类的应用文写作：
信函是交涉事物、增进了解、交流思想、联络感情的重要工具。就文体基本划分为正式和非正式文体，就种类可划分为私人、公务、社交、商务信件，在考研英语中，我们多以用途来划分和备考，即求职信、咨询信、感谢信、投诉信、建议信、邀请信等。我们以投诉信和感谢信为例，探讨写作方法。
1.投诉信
所谓投诉信是指针对某件不愉快的事情向责任人提出的投诉信件，信中多寻求解决方法，写作要求一般为：
1首段开门见山指明所投诉的具体事件。
2将问题清晰、简洁、公正地描述出来，指出事件带来的诸多不便。
3感谢对方倾听投诉，同时清楚地表达你所想到的解决方法，期待对方尽早回复和解决问题。
2.感谢信
所谓感谢信是指因为某事件向收信人表明感激之意，写作要求一般为：
1首先表明写作意图，开门见山表达谢意。
2说明因何事向对方表示感谢，注意感情真挚。
3感谢信一般为非官方，若为官方感谢信注意语言的严肃性。
4结尾再次表达真挚感激之情。